Purpose: To determine the effect of high-fructose consumption on plasma levels of insulin, leptin, and adropin, as well as serum biochemical parameters in mature adult rats. Methods: Sixteen (16) mature adult rats were assigned to control group (CG) and fructose group (FG). The CG was fed ad libitum with standard rat feed and drinking water, while FG was fed standard rat feed and 20 % fructose in drinking water for 8 weeks. Plasma hormonal analyses for insulin, leptin and adropin were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while serum biochemical analysis was carried out with an autoanalyzer. Results: In FG, plasma levels of insulin and leptin significantly increased, while adropin levels decreased, when compared to CG (p < 0.05). On the other hand, while serum glucose and triglycerides were significantly increased by fructose feeding, total cholesterol, HDL-C and ALT levels were decreased (p < 0.05). Conclusion: High fructose consumption triggers metabolic syndrome in mature adult similar to young rats, resulting in hyperleptinemia and hyperinsulinemia. Moreover, high fructose consumption decreases plasma adropin levels.