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Building an eco-friendly, biocompatible, and ratiometric NIR fluorescent sensor for the rapid detection of trace Pd<sup>2+</sup> in real samples and living cells

Journal of Hazardous Materials · Mayıs 2025

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YÖKSİS Kayıtları
Building an eco-friendly, biocompatible, and ratiometric NIR fluorescent sensor for the rapid detection of trace Pd2+ in real samples and living cells
Journal of Hazardous Materials · 2025 SCI-Expanded
DOÇENT MEHMET OĞUZ →

Makale Bilgileri

DergiJournal of Hazardous Materials
Yayın TarihiMayıs 2025
Cilt / Sayfa488
Özet The increasing industrial use of palladium has led to its environmental accumulation, raising concerns about its toxicity to aquatic life and human health. Therefore, fluorescent probes capable of detecting Pd2+ are highly beneficial. With this objective, a new near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe based on a cyanine dye, 2 ((E)-2-((E)-2-((dimethylcarbamothioyl)oxy)-3-(2-((Z)-1,3,3-trimethylindolin-2ylidene)ethylidene)cyclohex −1-en-1-yl)vinyl)-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indol-1-ium iodide (CNS), was synthesized for selective and rapid detection of Pd2+. The detection reaction followed the elimination of thiocarbamate moiety, leading to the highly fluorescent product. CNS demonstrated remarkable sensitivity (detection limit: 0.105 μM), high selectivity, short response time (1.0 min), long lifetime (0.88 ns), and easily detectable color changes upon Pd2+ exposure. A CNS-loaded TLC strip integrated with a smartphone detection system was able to detect Pd2+ in solutions, soil, and drug samples. In addition, CNS enabled concentration-dependent detection of Pd2+ in onion roots and epidermis. Because of low cytotoxicity, good membrane permeability, NIR fluorescence, and high contrast, CNS has been successfully applied to Pd2+ bioimaging in living cells, targeting mitochondria. Compared to existing probes, CNS offers superior sensitivity, selectivity, and adaptability for sensing applications.

Yazarlar (5)

1
Serkan Erdemir
ORCID: 0000-0003-0790-0549
2
Duygu Aydin
3
Mehmet Oguz
4
Ozcan Kocyigit
5
Sait Malkondu

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bioimaging Cyanine Fluorescence NIR Pd 2+

Kurumlar

Giresun Üniversitesi
Giresun Turkey
Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi
Karaman Turkey
Selçuk Üniversitesi
Selçuklu Turkey