Scopus
🔓 Açık Erişim
Utilization of opium poppy seed oil for biodiesel production: A parametric characterization and statistical optimization
Heliyon · Ekim 2024
Makale Bilgileri
DergiHeliyon
Yayın TarihiEkim 2024
Cilt / Sayfa10
Scopus ID2-s2.0-85204627969
Erişim🔓 Açık Erişim
Özet
Consuming traditional petroleum-derived diesel fuel has long been associated with issues such as the depletion of natural energy resources. To solve these challenges, an alternate source like as biodiesel is an appealing option. Seed oils have long been recognized as an abundant and diverse source of biodiesel. In this study, poppy seed oil from the poppy (Papaver somniferum) was investigated for biodiesel production. Poppy seed biodiesel was generated and refined using acid-pretreated esterification with sulphuric acid prior to transesterification, as well as single-step alkaline catalyzed transesterification with methanol and potassium hydroxide. Finally, the percentage yield was compared. Using Statistica, the Box-Behnken design was applied to optimize process variables like time, temperature, catalyst concentration, and methanol-oil ratio to produce maximum yield. The relationship of process variables was also shown with the help of the Response Surface Methodology. A maximum yield of 94.87 % was obtained at optimized conditions, i.e., 90min reaction time, 60 °C of temperature, 0.25 mg of catalyst concentration, and 3v/v% alcohol-oil ratio. The fuel properties of biodiesel produced, such as acid value, moisture content, saponification value, iodine value, specific gravity, percentage of free fatty acids, refractive index, viscosity, boiling point, and peroxide value, were measured and compared with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D6751 and European Standards (EN) 14214. Further results were studied and discussed using Fourier Transfer Infrared (FTIR) analysis, which showed maximum similarity of raw material to formed biodiesel. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed to identify and quantify various fatty acid methyl esters. The results obtained were in accordance with various international standards for biodiesel fuel. Thus, poppy seeds can be used to obtain biodiesel.
Yazarlar (12)
1
Zahara Razaq
2
Muhammad Imran Tousif
3
Sajida Noureen
4
Syed Ubaid Hussain
5
Muhammad Saleem
6
Fahad Mehmood Khan
7
Umer Shaukat
8
Humayun Riaz
9
Gokhan Zengin
ORCID: 0000-0001-6548-7823
10
Abeer Hashem
11
Ajay Kumar
12
Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah
Anahtar Kelimeler
Biodiesel properties
Box-Behnken design
Fatty acid methyl ester
GC-MS analysis
Opium poppy seed oil
Transesterification
Kurumlar
Amity University
Noida India
College of Sciences
Riyadh Saudi Arabia
King Saud University
Riyadh Saudi Arabia
Rashid Latif Medical College
Lahore Pakistan
Selçuk Üniversitesi
Selçuklu Turkey
The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Bahawalpur Pakistan
University of Education
Lahore Pakistan