The postpartum period is a crucial phase in women's lives, characterized by physical challenges, fatigue, and lifestyle behaviors. This descriptive study aimed to assess physical challenges, fatigue, and healthy lifestyle behaviors in women during the first 48 h postpartum. Data were collected from 548 women hospitalized in the postpartum service of Meram Medical Faculty at Necmettin Erbakan University between December 2021 and August 2022, using a convenience sampling method. Data collection tools included the Personal Information Form, Postpartum Assessment Form, Fatigue Assessment Scale, and Healthy Lifestyle Behavior-II Scale. Linear regression analysis (ENTER model) was conducted for advanced statistical evaluation. The study found that women employed outside the home (p = 0.001) and those with a high monthly income (p = 0.008) had higher levels of fatigue, while their levels of healthy lifestyle behaviors were also higher (p < 0.001, p = 0.002) compared to other groups. Breastfeeding challenges were associated with increased nipple pain (p = 0.002), incision pain (p = 0.003), and back pain (p = 0.012). Women accompanied by a partner reported higher fatigue levels (p = 0.005). Fatigue levels were affected by employment, cesarean section, breastfeeding experience, and incomplete areola compression by the baby.