Background and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of milk and banana given as a bedtime snack to patients with primary insomnia on sleep parameters and some biochemical parameters such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor, leptin, and ghrelin. Methods and Study Design: 21 patients with insomnia who met the inclusion criteria participated in this study. The patients were divided into 3 parallel groups: banana, milk and control. The intervention group were given either 1 portion of banana or just 200 mL of whole-fat milk at bedtime. The control group did not consume any non-routine food. Venous blood samples were taken at baseline and after the study from patients to measure brain-derived neurotrophic factor, leptin and ghrelin concentrations. Sleep quality and architecture were determined by polysomnography and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. Results: Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index scores of the banana and milk group were found to be lower after intervention (p<0.05). In terms of polysomnography, the total sleep time of the milk group was found to be significantly higher than baseline. Serum ghrelin concentration of the milk group decreased significantly compared to baseline. Conclusions: Bedtime milk or banana intake was effective in dealing with insomnia. Foods rich in tryptophan, such as banana and milk, given at bedtime, may improve sleep parameters and appetite hormones.