The existence of images containing our personal data or strategic information of states in the developing digital world is an indication that there will be malicious people who want to access this information. Undoubtedly, the attackers’ job will be a little more difficult if the valuable information of importance is transmitted by encrypting on common channels. In this regard, traditional and modern methods are used for encryption. Although traditional cryptosystems are widely used in text encryption processes, they are rarely used in image encryption processes for two reasons. The first is that the encryption process takes a long time due to the fact that the image size is larger than the text size. The second is that, while there are fewer data losses on the text in the decryption process, data losses on the image may cause the image’s structure to be disrupted. In this study, after giving brief information about encryption, the proposed hybrid image encryption method has been explained. In this method, firstly, an encryption process performed with affine and substitution methods from traditional cryptosystems has been applied, then an extended one-dimension (1D) chaotic map has been used to strengthen the encryption process. The superiority of the proposed method has been evaluated with performance analysis.