Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of sublingual varices (SLV) and to investigate the relationship between sublingual varice formation and some previously stated potential risk factors such as age, gender, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, chronic cough, diabetes and other systemic diseases, varices in the lower extremities, use of removable prosthesis and smoking. Methods: A total of 621 individuals, 362 women (%58.3) and 259 men (%41.7), were included in this study. Participants are individuals who applied for routine clinical examination, agreed to participate in the study as a result of verbal and written information, and met the inclusion criteria. After the photographs were taken from the lateral and ventral surfaces of the tongue, non-visible and few visible sublingual varices were scored as 0, moderate and severe visible sublingual varices were scored as 1 by two different observers blinded to the demographic and medical information of the individuals. Kappa test was used to evaluate interobserver agreement, and pearson chi-square and logistic regression analysis were used for data analysis. Results: Inter-observer reliability was analyzed by Kappa test and very high consistency was found (κ=0.918). Moderate and severe SLV was observed in 155 (24.9%) of 621 individuals included in the study. While there was no difference in the prevalence of SLV between the sexes (p=0.278), it was found to increase with age (p=0.000). SLV was also found to be associated with hypertension (p=0.048), presence of chronic cough (p=0.009) and presence of varicose veins in the lower extremity (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, it was concluded that SLV was associated with age, hypertension, presence of varices in the lower extremities and chronic cough. A better understanding of SLV related risk factors is considered important as it may contribute to the early diagnosis of underlying systemic factors.