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Açık Erişim
Scopus Yazarları: Murat Hacimurtazaoǧlu, Kemal Tutuncu
Özet
Background. In terms of data-hiding areas, video steganography is more advantageous compared to other steganography techniques since it uses video as its cover medium. For any video steganography, the good trade-off among robustness, imperceptibility, and payload must be created and maintained. Even though it has the advantage of capacity, video steganography has the robustness problem especially regarding spatial domain is used to implement it. Transformation operations and statistical attacks can harm secret data. Thus, the ideal video steganography technique must provide high imperceptibility, high payload, and resistance towards visual, statistical and transformation-based steganalysis attacks. Methods. One of the most common spatial methods for hiding data within the cover medium is the Least Significant Bit (LSB) method. In this study, an LSB-based video steganography application that uses a poly-pattern key block matrix (KBM) as the key was proposed. The key is a 64 x 64 pixel block matrix that consists of 16 subpattern blocks with a pixel size of 16 x 16. To increase the security of the proposed approach, sub-patterns in the KBM are allowed to shift in four directions and rotate up to 270. depending on the user preference and logical operations. For additional security XOR and AND logical operations were used to determine whether to choose the next predetermined 64 x 64 pixel block or jump to another pixel block in the cover video frame to place a KBM to embed the secret data. The fact that the combination of variable KBM structure and logical operator for the secret data embedding distinguishes the proposed algorithm from previous video steganography studies conducted with LSB-based approaches. Results. Mean Squared Error (MSE), Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) parameters were calculated for the detection of the imperceptibility(or the resistance against visual attacks) of the proposed algorithm. The proposed algorithm obtained the best MSE, SSIM and PSNR parameter values based on the secret message length as 0.00066, 0.99999, 80.01458 dB for 42.8 Kb of secret message and 0.00173, 0.99999, 75.72723 dB for 109 Kb of secret message, respectively. These results are better than the results of classic LSB and the studies conducted with LSB-based video steganography approaches in the literature. Since the proposed system allows an equal amount of data embedding in each video frame the data loss will be less in transformation operations. The lost data can be easily obtained from the entire text with natural language processing. The variable structure of the KBM, logical operators and extra security preventions makes the proposed system be more secure and complex. This increases the unpredictability and resistance against statistical attacks. Thus, the proposed method provides high imperceptibility and resistance towards visual, statistical and transformation-based attacks while acceptable even high payload.
Anahtar Kelimeler (Scopus)
Cryptography
Data security
Information security
Key block matrix
Random number generation
Security and Privacy
Steganography
Video steganography
Anahtar Kelimeler
Cryptography
Data security
Information security
Key block matrix
Random number generation
Security and Privacy
Steganography
Video steganography
Makale Bilgileri
Dergi
PeerJ Computer Science
ISSN
2376-5992
Yıl
2022
/ 1. ay
Cilt / Sayı
8
/ 843
Sayfalar
1 – 30
Makale Türü
Özgün Makale
Hakemlik
Hakemli
Endeks
SCI-Expanded
JCR Quartile
Q3
TEŞV Puanı
72,00
Yayın Dili
Türkçe
Kapsam
Uluslararası
Toplam Yazar
2 kişi
Erişim Türü
Elektronik
Erişim Linki
Makaleye Git
Alan
Mühendislik Temel Alanı
Elektrik-Elektronik Mühendisliği
Bulut Bilişim Güvenliği
YÖKSİS Yazar Kaydı
Yazar Adı
HACIMURTAZAOĞLU MURAT, TÜTÜNCÜ KEMAL
YÖKSİS ID
5999784
Hızlı Erişim
Metrikler
Scopus Atıf
6
JCR Quartile
Q3
TEŞV Puanı
72,00
Yazar Sayısı
2