In this study, as engine oil canola (rapeseed-00 oil), which is vegetable oil based and biodegradable, was used. This investigation was performed in Turk Motor Company (TÜMOSAN), 34 kW diesel engines with 3 cylinders as the motor was used. As a mineral oil, Turkish Petroleum Office (Petrol Ofisi) 20 W/50 and canola were tested for 50 h each, and the values of kinematics viscosity, viscosity index, flash point, and total base number about engine oils were determined in the laboratory. In addition, during the study engine performance values, oil temperature, and oil pressure were measured, and engine emission values were also measured when using different types of oil. Then the values measured were compared for each engine oil. At the end of the analysis in the laboratory, viscosity value of Petrol Ofisi 20 W50 mineral oil was 527.3 Redwood second, viscosity of rapeseed oil-00 was 140 Redwood second and the density of both oils was measured as orderly 0.856 and 0.857 g/cm3.